Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA)
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) is a federal law enacted in the mid-1980s just as cell phones, the internet, and other digital technologies were becoming prevalent throughout the United States. Many Americans began to use email, prompting lawmakers to put stringent privacy protections in place for those types of communications. Today, data privacy concerns remain a major concern in industries where customer records shared online typically involve sensitive material, including the financial and healthcare industries.